Rust on a car causing it to deteriorate
Rust (Outermost Electrons and Chemical Reactions)
Grades 9-12
This lesson focuses on two main ideas:
- Chemical reactions and bonds forming based on valence electrons.
- Rust on cars and how to treat them.
Procedure
INTRODUCTION (15 minutes)
Read the introduction to students and review new vocabulary. Students will watch the “Motorweek” video. After the video, have a discussion around the essential questions and thinking questions aligned to the topic and video.
EXTENSION (15-30 minutes)
Complete extension activities with students, as you see fit.
ASSESSMENT (15 minutes)
Have students apply their newfound knowledge by completing a Summative CER on the lesson using evidence from the video and activities as support.
REFLECTION (10 minutes)
Have students complete a reflection.
Standards
HS-PS1-2.
Construct and revise an explanation for the outcome of a simple chemical reaction based on the outermost electron states of atoms, trends in the periodic table, and knowledge of the patterns of chemical properties.
- Science and Engineering Practices
Constructing Explanations and Designing Solutions
Constructing explanations and designing solutions in 9–12 builds on K–8 experiences and progresses to explanations and designs that are supported by multiple and independent student-generated sources of evidence consistent with scientific ideas, principles, and theories. - Construct and revise an explanation based on valid and reliable evidence obtained from a variety of sources (including students’ own investigations, models, theories, simulations, and peer review) and the assumption that theories and laws that describe the natural world operate today as they did in the past and will continue to do so in the future.
- Disciplinary Core Ideas
PS1.A: Structure and Properties of Matter
- The periodic table orders elements horizontally by the number of protons in the atom’s nucleus and places those with similar chemical properties in columns. The repeating patterns of this table reflect patterns of outer electron states.
- The fact that atoms are conserved, together with knowledge of the chemical properties of the elements involved, can be used to describe and predict chemical reactions.
- Crosscutting Concepts
Patterns
- Different patterns may be observed at each of the scales at which a system is studied and can provide evidence for causality in explanations of phenomena.
Summative CER
Option 1:
Construct an explanation addressing how rust forms on cars. Use evidence and reasoning from the video and activities to support your explanation.
Option 2:
Explain the chemical properties of iron and rust that make them react to create rust. Use evidence and reasoning from the video and activities to support your explanation.
Reflection Questions
- What patterns can be used in order to better understand the behavior of atoms and the bonding of their valence electrons?
- What is rust and how does the formation of rust on a car relate to chemistry and chemical reactions?
Summative CER Rubric
| No Response Score Point 0 |
Not There Yet Score Point 0.5 |
Beginning To Score Point 0.75 |
Yes Score Point 1.0 |
|---|---|---|---|
| The claim is missing | The claim is incorrect or irrelevant. | The claim partially takes a position on the topic or issue addressed within the prompt. | The claim takes an appropriate position on the topic or issue addressed within the prompt. |
| There is no type of evidence in the response | The evidence is irrelevant or does not support the claim. | The evidence partially supports the claim and demonstrates some understanding of the topic or text, using appropriate sources. | The evidence supports the claim and demonstrates a strong understanding of the topic or text, using appropriate sources. |
| There is no use of words, phrases, and clauses to create cohesion and to clarify the relationship between the claim and evidence. | Use of words, phrases and clauses fail to show or explain any relationship between the claim and evidence. | Scientific words, phrases, and clauses used lack cohesion but partially clarify the relationship between the claim and evidence. | Appropriate scientific words, phrases, and clauses are used to create cohesion and to clarify the relationship between the claim and evidence. |